Perfect Pie Crust Recipe (2024)

By Erin Jeanne McDowell

Perfect Pie Crust Recipe (1)

Total Time
30 minutes, plus at least 1 ½ hours’ chilling
Rating
4(1,294)
Notes
Read community notes

This classic dough contains no special ingredients, just flour, salt, butter and water, but it works like a dream. The recipe makes a single crust for a 9-inch pie; simply double it to make a double-crust pie. (If you make it by hand, you can even triple or quadruple the recipe.) If you’d prefer to use a food processor, you can, and it’s a good idea if you have warm hands. To do so, pulse the butter into the flour mixture a few times, until the butter is the size of walnut halves or peas, then transfer the mixture to a medium bowl and proceed with adding the water. (Adding the water in the food processor often leads to hydration problems and overmixing, which is why you should do that part by hand no matter what.) The dough keeps in the refrigerator for up to 2 days and in the freezer for up to 3 months (thaw it overnight in the refrigerator before rolling it out).

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Ingredients

Yield:1 single crust for a 9-inch pie

  • 1¼ cup/160 grams all-purpose flour
  • ¼ teaspoon fine sea salt
  • ½ cup/115 grams cold unsalted butter, cut into ½-inch cubes
  • 3 to 4tablespoons ice water, plus more as needed

Ingredient Substitution Guide

Nutritional analysis per serving (1 servings)

1406 calories; 95 grams fat; 58 grams saturated fat; 0 grams trans fat; 27 grams monounsaturated fat; 4 grams polyunsaturated fat; 122 grams carbohydrates; 4 grams dietary fiber; 1 gram sugars; 17 grams protein; 600 milligrams sodium

Note: The information shown is Edamam’s estimate based on available ingredients and preparation. It should not be considered a substitute for a professional nutritionist’s advice.

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Perfect Pie Crust Recipe (2)

Preparation

Make the recipe with us

  1. Step

    1

    In a large bowl, whisk together the flour and salt to combine. Add the butter, tossing the cubes through the flour until the pieces are separated from one another and each piece is coated.

  2. Step

    2

    Cut the butter into the flour by pressing the pieces between your palms or fingertips, flattening the cubes into big shards and continuing to toss them in the flour to recoat the shards. The size of the butter will vary depending on the kind of pie you’re making: For fruit pies, stop when the butter pieces are about the size of walnut halves. For custard pies, stop when the butter pieces are smaller, about the size of peas.

  3. Step

    3

    Make a well in the center of the mixture. Add 3 tablespoons ice water and mix it in by tossing the flour in the bowl. (This tossing movement lets the moisture incorporate without allowing too much gluten formation.)

  4. Step

    4

    Continue to add ice water 1 to 2 tablespoons at a time until the dough begins to come together. As it comes together, fold it over itself a few times to make sure it’s hom*ogenous. The dough should hold together without noticeable cracks (a sign of underhydration), but it should not be wet or tacky to the touch (a sign of overhydration).

  5. Step

    5

    Form the dough into a disk about 1-inch thick. Wrap tightly in plastic wrap and refrigerate for at least 1 hour before using, and up to 2 days. (It can also be frozen for up to 3 months, then thawed overnight before using.)

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1,294

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Private Notes

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Cooking Notes

susan

can you save the dough if it gets too wet

Miriam

I do appreciate seeing this mixing technique which I will definitely try, however the dough she rolls out is blatantly not the dough she just chilled! What was craggy and cracked is now perfectly smooth and rolls without a crack in sight. ???

Barbara

CAn you substitute gluten free flour?

Alan Marshall

The recipe is fairly robust - extra flour is inevitably worked in as you roll the dough, but here is a scaling to a 9.5" pie:1.375 cups (11 volume oz), 180 grams, flour1/4 tsp (slightly rounded) salt128 grams (1/2 cup + 1 tbsp) butter(3 tbsp + 1 tsp) to (4 1/2 tbsp) cold water.

Daniel

How does the dough go from the craggy disc that goes into the fridge to the smooth ball that’s shown in the shot where it’s rolled out? Seems like there’s something missing from the recipe.

Chef Robin robinskitchenview.com

As advertised..perfect crust. In a food processor, accurately measure the flour and salt. Measure and cut cold butter into 1/2 inch pieces then add to the flour. Pulse just a few short times to get large pieces of butter mixed in with the flour, add 4 tablespoons ice water, pulse 3-4 short times, and then dump it all onto a work surface. Firmly gather together with your hands into a mound. Gently knead and form a disk. Take it from there as written. Be gentle.

Sarah

I have been making Melissa Clark’s all butter pie crust for a few years now, and I made this one for the first time today. This is a traditional, 160g flour to 115g butter isn’t anything new. However what is genius about this is the “tossing” technique that Erin recommends. My dough came together beautiful and easily—I used the 3 TBS at the outset and then only needed 2 more. I highly recommend trying it!

Katherine Hacthoun

For those who have been asking how the dough goes from a kind of craggy disk to a smoother dough—the time in the fridge is the element that does this. The cold temperature is what allows the liquids and fats in the dough to meld more with the dry ingredients and hydrate those dry ingredients. That’s when after you have made a pie dough and put it in the fridge and let it rest, it comes out more pliable and less resistant.

j martin

DISASTERThe walnut sized butter is not amalgamated into the flour enough per written recipe. The flour was all that absorbed the water, making a flavorless paste with large pieces of butter that melted all over the oven. The fruit filling ran under the bottom crust and burned. Too tough to cut, impressively tough. Couldn't eat at our family T-Day dinner last night. Went into the trash. I have been making pies for more than 40 years. Will go back to Greg Patent's recipe.

M Bradley

Been making an Ina Garten pie crust for years. Tried this and it was a huge fail. Shrunk massively and butter pooling everywhere. Do not make this unless you have time to remake with a better recipe.

C. Holmes

What temperature do you cook the single pie crust???????? Or I am missing it here?

Nadja

I couldn't sit with this crushing defeat, and I attempted this crust several more times with the same results. But today I had a breakthrough. First, I could always feel the dough springing back when I crimped it, so it clearly was becoming too gluteny. This time I used even less water than I was comfortable with, and refrigerated it between rolling and crimping. Second, I baked it at 425 instead of the lower temps that most recipes call for, and I had virtually no droopage or melting. Success!

Ben

I am baffled by some of the comments I am reading here. I thought the technique described in this recipe yielded excellent results. Keeping the butter chunks larger than pea-sized, as most recipes call for, worked very well. And sprinking in the water with your fingertips was very effective.

Carol

I make this exact same recipe, every year, and it works for me. I usually make a double recipe, either in my stand mixer, or in a food processor. I've also made it Erin's way, by hand. It wasn't perfect the first few times I made it, but I got better each time. As with most things in life, practice MAKES perfect!

Dana

this recipe and technique worked like a dream. best pie crust i’ve ever made — everyone raves about it. this is my new go-to.

Jennifer Rowe

So you chill the dough for at least an hour or at least an hour and a half?

Alexandra E.

I ignored the instructions about walnut halves and cut it until it was the size of small peas. Otherwise I followed the recipe exactly and it came out beatiful. I chilled it for about three hours and it was very easy to roll out. I find that longer chilling time makes for easier roll out. The crust did not burn even though I baked it at 425F for 45 minutes without covering the edges! It has a perfect flaky texture. This is my new go-to recipe for pie crust.

shauna

This makes for a fine pie crust, but it doesn’t have enough butter or sugar to be delicious. Too dry and doesn’t hold a crimp.

Jessie

Crust was sturdy and very crisp, but like a dense crispy. And super buttery (thankful for the sheet pan I put under it while baking). I really love the ease of Trader Joe's pie crusts and usually use those--will likely go back as husband didn't love this crust and I don't know if I want to repeatedly try to master the technique

Shels

Novice here - I made this crust for a pumpkin pie, and it was so tough! I think I added too much water, but I really wasn't sure how to interpret "until the dough begins to come together." My dough was tacky, so I tried to incorporate more flour - but didn't want to work or knead it too much. I refrigerated it overnight. The pea-sized pieces of butter stayed intact in the dough, and melted down the sides of the pan and all over the oven floor. What am I doing wrong??

baking temp

Bake at 425 for 15-20 min with pies weightsAnother 5-10 min after removing

baking temp

42515-20 minutes with pie weights5-10 minutes more

Andrew P

4lbs of whole apples requires 12oz of berries.Do not peelSpice with extra ginger, cinnamon, a dash of nutmeg and lemon zest.Let condense for ~1 hourRun through a food mill or drum sieve to remove seedsShould yield 1 mason jar of extra apple butterReheat remaining apple butter with 2 1/2 TBPS corn starch

Chris

I make my pie crust with 75% leaf lard and 25% butter. Always comes out great and flaky. I freeze all the fats in finger nail size bits and freeze then. Then I slowly feed the food processor with the frozen fats and into the flour. I add ice water slowly and pulse the food processor a minimum amount of time

chris Newton

I’ve been trying to perfect pie crust for years with little success. Thanks to this perfect recipe I conquered this task! Finally, no more store bought dough for special occasions!!!

Stephanie in Davis

Worked beautifully.

David S.

Here’s an idea I picked up a while back:Instead of adding water, use vodka! The alcohol doesn’t do anything to the gluten. Go to your liquor cabinet and pull out something you’re not all that fond of to use. Scotch does NOT work but brandy does. Try it!

Josh R

That video and the technique it demonstrates are fantastic! However, I feel like we need to have a national conversation about pie recipe ice water amounts. I don't believe that a lovely roll-able dough like the one that emerged from the fridge could ever be made with 3T ice water. Instead of "3-4T, plus more as needed," maybe write "as little as possible, but you'll need at least 4T."

Chris

Depends on humidity and how “moist” the flour is. I add one tablespoon at a time until it looks like pie dough. Of course I have been making pie crusts for about 50 years and it is easy for me

Bonnie D.

I have never enjoyed making pie dough. This was perfect. Easy to assemble, the directions were perfect, and easy to work with. It didn’t fall apart and rolled really easily. And I liked that a food processor wasn’t required to make it, I hate using them. The flavor was wonderful, I used it for a quiche, the bottom didn’t get soggy and it flaky.

KS

Made this twice. Both times it melted into puddles of butter, leaving behind a chewy shoe-leather crust. Going back to my regular recipe.

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Perfect Pie Crust Recipe (2024)

FAQs

What is the secret to a good pie crust? ›

For Flaky Pie Crust, Keep Everything COLD, Especially Your Butter. If your kitchen is above 73°F, you can refrigerate all of your ingredients and equipment including your bowl, rolling pin, and pie plate until it's between 65-70°F (dip an instant-read thermometer into your flour to gauge the temperature).

What is the number 2 most important thing when making pie crust? ›

I like to use pastry flour because it contains less gluten than all-purpose flour and therefore creates a more tender crust, but all-purpose flour will work just fine if that's what you have on hand. The “2” is fat. Butter is the most common type of fat used, but other solid fats will work as well.

What are the 5 tips for pie perfection? ›

Follow these steps and you'll impress your friends and family this season with tantalizing mile-high pies!
  1. 1 - Cold dough equals flaky crust. ...
  2. 2 - Overfill your pies on purpose ... ...
  3. 3 - Bake on the low rack. ...
  4. 4 - Hold down your pre-baked crusts. ...
  5. 5 - Hold off on slicing your pie.
Oct 30, 2017

Is butter or Crisco better for pie crust? ›

Butter: A rich flavor and a flaky crust, but harder to work with. For some pastry chefs, butter is the obvious choice. “My preferred fat for pie crusts will always be butter. To me, it is all about flavor, and no other fat gives flavor to a crust like butter does.

What not to do when making pie crust? ›

Below are six common mistakes when making a homemade pie crust and some helpful solutions to avoid them.
  1. The ingredients are too warm. ...
  2. The pie dough is overworked from excessive mixing or rolling. ...
  3. The pie dough isn't given enough time to relax and chill. ...
  4. The pie dough is shrinking down the sides of the pan.
Oct 18, 2022

What does adding vinegar to your pie crust do? ›

Apple cider vinegar is added to relax the gluten proteins in your dough and tenderize it. You can also substitute it with an equal amount of white vinegar. Cold Water: For pie crusts that are flaky, cold water is a must.

What happens if you use milk instead of water in pie crust? ›

Some bakers use milk or buttermilk in their pie crust. Thanks to their milk solids, both will help crust brown and add a bit of tenderness. But the classic liquid in pie crust is water — ice water, to be precise.

Which flour is best for pie crust? ›

Flour: For a tender crust, choose a low-protein flour. Pastry flour, with a protein content of about 8-10%, ranks between all-purpose flour and cake flour. All-purpose flour works just fine for pie crusts, while cake flour might lack enough protein to form a workable, elastic dough.

What are the three 3 basic rules for pastry making? ›

General rules

Mix together the flour and salt by sieving. Keep everything as cool as possible otherwise the fat may melt which would spoil the finished dish. Introduce as much air as possible during making.

What is the cardinal rule of pie dough making? ›

The cardinal rules of pie dough: Keep it cold, work fast, and don't overwork your dough.

Should I chill my pie before baking? ›

Some recipes will instruct you to bake it right away. But I like to freeze the crust before pre baking. The chilling time allows the gluten in the dough to relax and prevent shrinking when baking. So I recommend freezing the pie crust for at least 1 hour before pre baking.

What is the best temperature to bake pies? ›

1. Preheat the oven to the temperature that your recipe recommends. Most fruit pies bake at a temperature between 350 degrees F (175 degrees C) and 450 degrees F (230 degrees C). Some recipes call for baking the pie in a 450 degree F oven to begin with, then turning down the oven to about 350 degrees F.

What happens if you use too much Crisco in pie crust? ›

When there is too much fat in the pie crust, it crumbles. There isn't enough flour to form the flakes, so the extra fat just melts as it bakes and the pie crust falls apart as you cut into it.

What are 2 disadvantages of using all butter in pie crust? ›

The cons: Butter can be harder to work with than lard or shortening because of its lower melting point, so the dough temperature has to be just right. If it gets too warm, it will be too soft to handle and will tear easily. Butter is a firmer fat, so if it's too cold, your dough will be more difficult to roll out.

How long should you chill pie dough before rolling out? ›

Right: The same dough after it's been gently rolled over with a pin.
  1. I always roll out my dough between two sheets of lightly floured plastic wrap. ...
  2. I always chill my dough for at least 2 hours before rolling out, and then chill again for at least 1 hour after shaping in the pie pan.
Nov 21, 2023

What are two things we should do to the pie crust before par baking? ›

After dough has rested, crimp the edges of the dough, and prick the bottom and the sides of your pie shell at least 15 times. Line a piece of aluminum foil around your crust and fill with pie weights. Place your pie crust on the pre-heated sheet pan and bake for 20 minutes.

How long should pie crust chill before baking? ›

Chill in the fridge for 30 minutes, or up to overnight. Tip: Chilling hardens the fat in the dough, which will help the crust maintain its structure as it bakes. And the short rest before rolling relaxes the dough's gluten, helping prevent a tough crust.

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